ICT Chap No- 3

Chapter No -3

Chapter No:-  3

ICT IN SCIENCE, MATHEMATICS, MODELLING AND SIMULATIONS.

Q.1 Fill in the blanks and rewrite the complete statements:

1.  In the 21^st century, global economy is driven by Knowledge.

2.  It is easy to collect information for a project by using ICT rather than library.

3.  ICT is used as a tool that’s supplements traditional teaching and learning of science and mathematics.

4. Modeling is the virtual version of something in real world.

5. A Computer simulation is the technique of representing the real world with the help of computer program.

Q.2 State weather the following statements are true or false:

1. In this information era, global economy is driven by technology. False

2. ICT is used as tool supplements traditional face to face teaching and learning of science and mathematics. True

3. From the very beginning, computers have been used for acquiring, processing and analyzing information. True

4. ICT tools cannot be used for scientific data collection. False

5. Difficult scientific experiments can be demonstrated more easily using ICT. True

6. The nature of teaching and learning mathematics has changed considerably because of ICT. True

7. One use of ICT in mathematics to explore the effects of varying values and look for invariance and covariance. True

8. Students can collect data online and use mathematical software to analyze them graphically. True

9. ICT tools do not help students to manipulate diagrams dynamically. False

10. Computer modeling is the technique of representing the real world system with virtual version using mathematics and computer. True

11. Modeling and simulation can reveal minute details in behavior of system that cannot be observed and measured during experimentation. True

12. Simulations are useful in exploring “What if ….” Scenarios. True

13. Simulation is not used in research. False

14. Computer simulation is a part of computer modeling. False

15. We can collect information and to process them to make certain predictions. True

16. Simulation is not flexible. OR Simulation is not flexible and dynamic. False

Q.3 Rewrite the following statements by selecting the correct options:

1. …………. Is an example of computer projection technology?

a) Scanning    b) Photography                     c) Simulation             d) LCD Projector

2. The ………. Presentation makes concept more clear rather than oral explanation.

a)  Visual        b) audio                      c) text             d) image

3. A computer modeling is a representation of ………………. Dimensional objects on computer.

a) Many          b) Four                        c) Three          d) Two

4. Simulation creates a/an ………. Model of system.

a) Artificial     b) Natural       c) Map                       d) Data

Q.4 Rewrite the following statements by selecting two correct options:

1. 21^st century has created a new global economy which is powered by …………, fuelled by ……….. and driven by knowledge.

a) Information                       b) Learning                 c) Simulation             d) Technology

2. We can collect data with …………… and …………. ICT tools.

a) Email                      b) Newspaper                       c) Newsgroup                        d) Magazines

3. One use of ICT in mathematics to explore the effects of varying values and looked for ……….. And ………

a) Equations   b) mistakes                c) invariance d) covariance

4. A computer model refers to the …………… and ……………. used to capture the behavior of system being modeled.

a) Algorithm  b) equations              c) program     d) summation

5. Simulation is …………….. And ……….. Than experimenting with a real life models.

a) cheaper      b) more expensive                c) safer                       d) riskier

6. ………… and ………….. are often used interchangeably and difference between them is trivial.

a) Science & Mathematics   b) Modeling               c) Simulations                        d) Internet

Q.5 Answer the following

1. Write a short note on the roe of ICT in science with example?

Ans.  The purpose for which ICT is used in science may be divided in to the following broad areas, each of which covers a range of software and hardware.

(1)   Collection of Scientific data or data logging or data capture is the most important application to support practical work in science. ICT tool are used to record and store measurements electronically. Data collection is quicker more accurate improves the quality of result. This reduces the mechanical aspects of data collection and shifts the focus on practical work to analysis. Example computer control microscopes and instruments, digital video recordings, etc., are used to record and store measurement.

(2)   Visual Presentation facilitates better understanding of concepts and process. Instant feedback provided by a spreadsheet enables learners to see the effect of changing a value and refine their hypothesis and experiments. Example: Using spreadsheets graphing tools for data handling and analysis, data can be presented in more visual and clear form.

(3)   Modeling and simulation for demonstration and prediction improve scientific understanding, and develop investigative and higher order thinking skills. Animations enable teachers to demonstrate experiments.

(4)   Interactive education and information resource: interactive simulations reinforce learning by allowing the students to model simulate and explore a wide variety of physical phenomena. Example: Numerous simulations and animations can be found on the internet to illustrate key principles and facilitate interactive learning.

2.   Write a short note on role of ICT in mathematics?

Ans. The purpose for which ICT is used in mathematics may be divided in to the following broad areas:

(1)   Graphical user interface for instant feedback:  Instant GUI feedback is the fundamental way n which ICT supports students of mathematics. Example Adopting trial and improvement approach to solve equations using spreadsheet.

(2)   Observing patterns: The speed of computer enables students to look sufficient cases of mathematical problems of changing values, observe patterns from invariance and covariance in the result and make generalization. Example Explore triangle properties or a circle theorem by drawing appropriate figure in geogebra.

(3)   Observing links/connections: a computer enables to readily link an equation, a table of numbers and a graph. Students realize that they are different representation of same thing. Example Geogebra can draw graphs directly from two equations. Students can then understand that an intersection of two straight lines represents the solution to a problem. Example Geogebra can draw graph directly from two equations. Students can then understand of two straight lines represents the solution to a problem

(4)   Manipulating diagrams or graphs dynamically using ICT tools helps students develop the capability to visualize and generate their own mental images. An example Dynamic geography software package, like geogebra, allows students to dynamically explore the graphs.

(5)   Exploring real data: ICT tools enable students to work with real data, and represent them in a variety of ways for interpretation and analysis. Example Students can take part in online survey, and compare contrast their view with others.

3. What is modeling? Explain modeling with two suitable examples.

Ans: A model is a program which has been developed to copy the way a system works in real life.

It uses mathematical formulas and calculations to predict what is likely to happen based on data recorded about what actually did happen in the past.

Modeling works well in spreadsheets because all of the calculations have been set up using formulas. So, when you change one value e.g. food cost, all of the values related to it, e.g. food cost, total costs, profit will change automatically.

When you watch the weather forecast on TV you will see the presenters telling you what the weather will be like that day, that evening, tomorrow or even later in the week.

4. What is simulation? Explain simulation with suitable examples?

Ans: Computer simulations use computer models to also predict how a system will behave given a certain set of conditions.  Again, they are created through the use of mathematical formulas. The difference between a model and a simulation is that a simulation also uses something physical to mimic parts of the system. A very good example of a simulation is a flight simulator. To the trainee pilot, the cockpit is just like the real thing. They look out the window of the simulator and they see a computer generated view. If they pull the joystick here and there, the simulator moves around just like the real thing - all the instruments produce realistic readings - just like the real thing.

Q.5 Answer in brief

1. Write benefits of ICT in Science and mathematics?

Ans: Since both modeling and simulation involves building Computer Models, rather than real ones, they result in a huge savings in cost.
Modeling and Simulations are cheaper, faster and easier than making and testing different real life models.
Modeling and simulations can be used repeatedly without having to re-build models.
The efficiency of the person using M&S techniques and also the organization improves.
Since these techniques are flexible and dynamic, they can be used for simulation of complex situations.
Unexpected behavior will also show up as the use of M&S techniques allow us to perform testing of the system under extreme conditions.

2.  Define modeling and simulation.

Ans. A Computer Model is a digital representation of a real life system. Using mathematical formulae and graphics programs, a virtual version of a real world system can be created. For example Computer Models of a ship can be built. This can be viewed in 3-D on the Computer with a facility to Zoom and rotate in selected areas. This allows us to study which Computer Model is best and then decide to build a real ship.

Simulation is the technique of studying the behavior of a real world system by building a computer version of it. The use of a simulator also begins with building a Computer Model of a Real life system. One or more Variable of the Mathematical Model is changed so that we can study its effect. For example the laws of physics relating to fluid dynamics can be programmed in the Model of a ship. The user can then change variables such as speed or weight of the ship and study the stability of the ship under different situations..

3. Write any two examples of Simulation?

Ans.  A very good example of a simulation is a flight simulator.

Another example of a simulation is a thrill ride simulator somewhere like Disneyland.

Another form of simulation is Virtual Reality.

4. Write any two examples of modeling.

Ans: Modeling works well in spreadsheets because all of the calculations have been set up using formulas. So, when you change one value e.g. food cost, all of the values related to it, e.g. food cost, total costs, profit will change automatically.

When you watch the weather forecast on TV you will see the presenters telling you what the weather will be like that day, that evening, tomorrow or even later in the week.

5. Explain the difference between modeling and simulation.

Ans.  Compare modeling and simulation.
Differences:

	Modeling	Simulation
1	A Computer Model is a digital representation of a real life system. Using mathematical formulae and graphics programs, a virtual version of a real world system can be created.	Simulation is the technique of studying the behavior of a real world system by building a computer version of it. The use of a simulator also begins with building a Computer Model of a Real life system. One or more Variable of the Mathematical Model is changed so that we can study its effect.
2	For example, Computer Models of a ship can be built. This can be viewed in 3-D on the Computer with a facility to Zoom and rotate in selected areas. This allows us to study which Computer Model is best and then decide to build a real ship.	For example, the laws of physics relating to fluid dynamics can be programmed in the Model of a ship. The user can then change variables such as speed or weight of the ship and study the stability of the ship under different situations.
3	A model is considered to be static because it does not change.	A simulator on the other hand is considered to be dynamic because the variables that govern the performance of the model change.
4	A computer model tries to represent a real life situation.	A simulation can also be used to study imaginary or impossible situations. (eg life on Mars)

6. Explain the benefits of modeling and simulation.

Ans. Since both modeling and simulation involves building Computer Models, rather than real ones, they result in a huge savings in cost.
Modeling and Simulations are cheaper, faster and easier than making and testing different real life models.
Modeling and simulations can be used repeatedly without having to re-build models.
The efficiency of the person using M&S techniques and also the organization improves.
Since these techniques are flexible and dynamic, they can be used for simulation of complex situations.
Unexpected behavior will also show up as the use of M&S techniques allow us to perform testing of the system under extreme conditions.