STD -9 ICT Theory

Std IX  ICT

Q.1 Fill In the Blanks:

1.    While working with a computer we can read the information stored in its memory and perform other actions in __________ Memory.

2.    While presenting pictures and videos about the works of scientists, we can use _____________.

3.    To draw graphs based on the quantitative information obtained in an experiment, one uses _________.

4.    The first generation computers used to shut down because of ____________

5.    A computer will not work unless___________ is supplied to it.

Answers:

1.    RAM (Random Access Memory)

2.    Microsoft PowerPoint

3.    Microsoft Excel

4.    Excessive heat generation

5.    Electricity

Q.2 Answer the following questions:

a)  Explain the role and importance of information communication in science and technology.

Answer:  Information communication technology plays a key role in creating, showing, collecting, processing, and communicating information in all fields, including science and technology.

Importance of ICT in science and technology is,

·       Access to wide range of information.

·       For data storing

·       Reliable data processing

·       Confidentiality of work

·       Applications help in proper representation of data.

b)  Which application software in the computer system did you find useful while studying science and how?

Answer: Many applications are useful while studying science. Google email service (Gmail), Microsoft office for reading and creating documents,play store in mobile phone that helped in finding numerous educational apps, etc.

c)   How does a computer work?

Answer: A computer is an electronic device that processes information. It requires for the user to first input all necessary information through input devices, this helps the computer to process the information and give you the output through output devices.

Working of a computer

 

Input unit: all types of information/data is entered into the computer through this unit. Generally, a keyboard is used to enter data or information.

1)  ---->Processor----->    2) Processing Unit 3)  Memory unit 4)  Control unit 5)  ALU unit

Output unit: the result / solution is eventually sent to the output unit. Generally a screen or monitor or printer is used as an output unit.

d) What precautions should be taken while using various types of software on the computer?

Answer: One must always take the following precautions while using softwares:

i)    Antivirus should be installed.

ii) Software should be legal and from a trusted place.

iii)         Scanning the application before using.

iv)           Pirated softwares should never be used.

v)  Provide all necessary data to obtain the best possible results.

e)  Which are the various devices used in information communication? How are they used in the context of science?

Answer: Various devices used in information communication are computers, laptops, mobiles, radios, television sets etc.

Computers, laptops & mobiles help in accessing, collecting, processing, communicating, sharing and storing of information. This helps us in determining the appropriate conclusions in all fields, including the field of science. Television sets help in getting information about new and innovative technology that is recently launched.

4. Explain the differences between the different generations of computers. How did science contribute to these developments?
Answer:

Generations	Time Period	Significant Technological Development	Characteristics
First Generation	1940 – 1956	Vacuum Tubes	·       Enormous in size ·       Very expensive ·       Consumed a lot of electricity ·       Generated heat
Second Generation	1956 – 1963	Transistors	·       Shut down many times ·       Smaller ·       Faster ·       Cheaper ·       Less heavy on electricity use
Third Generation	1964 - 1971	Integrated circuits	·       Smaller ·       Cheaper ·       Interaction using keyboard and monitors
Fourth Generation	1971 - 2010	Microprocessors	·       Use of mouse ·       Internet ·       GUI ·       Laptops , mobiles
Fifth Generation	2010 - present	Artificial Intelligence	·       Voice recognition ·       Motion sensors ·       Nano technology

5.What devices will you use to share with others the knowledge that you have?

Answer: Devices like computers, laptops, mobiles, landlines, radio, televisions, pendrives, hard drives, CDs, memory cards help us in sharing our knowledge with others.

7. Which technical difficulties did you face while using the computer? What did you overcome them?

Answer: There are several technical difficulties that we face while using a computer.

1.    Lagging: sometimes, due to heavy applications and softwares being used simultaneously, the computer starts lagging and becomes very slow.

2.    Viruses and bugs: cybercrimes are increasing day by day. By opening a single email, your computer can be attacked with viruses. Antivirus applications are necessary to avoid any kind of malware.

3.    Breach of privacy: if the privacy settings are not set appropriately; confidential information can be accessed by anyone.

4.    Physical damage: all hardware components are vulnerable to physical damage, for example: mouse stops working due to improper wire connection.